Drill-brace



(No Model.)l y J. L. SHORROGK.

DRILL BRAGB. Y

Patented Jan. 24, 1888.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT QEEICE.

JAMES LICHTEOOTSHOEROCK, OE ACCEINCTON, COUNTYY OE LANCASTER, ENGLAND,ASSICNOE 'ro THOMAS C. MASSEY, OE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' ,DmLL-BRACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part yof Letters Patent No. 376,757, dated January2,4, 1888,

Application filed July 11, 1887. Serial No. 243.965. (No model.)Patented in England July 10, 1885, No. `8,359.`

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES LIGHTEOOT SHOR- ROOK, of Accrington, in thecounty of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in HandDrills or Tool- Carriers, and I do hereby declarethat the folthereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which forma pa'rt ofthis specification.

This invention relates to hand-drills of that class which comprise arevolving spindle or tool-holder, an oscillating arm or hand-levermounted to turn about said spindle or toolholder, and means attached tothe lever and acting upon the spindle in such' manner as'to turn 'thesaid spindle intermittingly in one direction when the hand-lever isoscillated.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and pointedont in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side4 elevation of ahand-drill ortool-carricr embodying my invention. Fig.2 is a sectionalplan view of the same, taken upon line x x of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isasideyview of a hand-drill embodying the main or principal features of myinvention and diering somewhat from the form thereof Shown in Figs. land 2. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the same, taken upon line x x ofFig. 3. Fig. 5 illustrates another form of device embodying the mainfeatures of my invention.

As illustrated in the saiddrawings, Figs. l-

and 2, A is the main part or spindle of the device. e

B is a collar or apertured head mounted to turn upon the said shaft A,and C is a handlever attached to the collar or head B. The said spindleA is provided at one end with a tool-socket, a, adapted to receive theshankof a bit or other tool which acts by rotation, the shank of saidtool being indicated at a2 A isa screw-shaft having screw-threadedengagement with an axial aperture of the spindle A, and provided wthaconical bearingpoint, a2, and with a flat-sided head, A2,provided'withholesa3 for Aa turning pin. The

bearing-pin ft2 of the screw-shaft A is in the- A is provided at a pointadjacent to the collar the shaft Al by means of two' collars, a4r a5,thereon, the collar a5 being herein shown as re-` a, to allow the saidbearing or head to beplaced onor removed from'the spindle. The spindleor bearing B witha groove,D,having inwardly tapering or converging Sidewalls, and .upon the said collar or bearing is pivoteda swinging blockor pawl, E, the free end of which enters the said grooveD and is taperedupon its sides to correspond with the taper of the side walls of thegroove. The said swinging block or pawl E is made of such length, or ispivotedat such peint, that when the lever C is moved in one directionthe end of the pawl will be drawn freely through the groove D, and whenthe lever is swung in the opposite direction the end of the pawl will becaught or pinched in the groove, and the spindle A thereby caused tomove or turn with the lever. .For thepurpose of insuring the engagementof the Said pawl or swinging block E with the groove' a spring, F, isattached to the leverC in position to bear upon the pawl vor block nearits free end, in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 2.

The groove D and pawl Ema-y be disposed at any suitable point'upon thehead or collar B and the spindle. As herein shown, how-- ever, the saidgroove D is placed midway of the bearing-surface of the spindle betweenthe tool being operated by swinging or oscillating n the lever. C, whilethe drill is held to its work y'by suitable pressure applied endwise tothe spindle A.V When the said lever C is thrust" backwardly, the beveledYend of the pawl E moves freely through the groove D; butin the forwardmovement of the lever the end of the pawl ispinched or caught betweenthe opposite inclined or tapered walls of the groove, and the spindle isthereby caused to turn with the lever. By making the groove of wedgeform or tapering inwardly in the manner described andthe end of the pawlof correspond ing shape, the said pawl is firmly gripped in the groove,giving to the pawl a bite or hold 'upon the spindle impossible to obtainwith a similarly-arranged pawl acting upon a cylindric surface.

A tool constructed and operatingin the man ner described has a greatadvantage over the ratchet-drills heretofore used, for the reason thatthe friction gripping device illustrated comes into engagement at themoment the direction of motion of the hand is reversediu oscillating it,so that there is no lost motion such as occurs in a ratchet-drill, inwhich the pawl, if carried past one tooth, must slip back to that toothbefore any movement of the spindle takes place.

In Figs. 8 and et I have shown a modification of the main or centralfeature of my improved tool-carrier. In this instance A is the spindle,and B a head or collar` mounted to r0- tate thereon in the same manneras before described. In this instance a liand-lever, C', is employed,which, instead of being rigid with the collar or head B, is pivotedthereto. Said lever is in this instance provided with an arm orprojection, C2, extending inwardly from its pivotal axis and beveledatits end and adapted to enter the groove D, so that such arm or projection C2 takes the place of the separate pawl or swinging block E.(Shown in Figs. l and 2.) spring, F', is in this instance applied toswing the lever C about its pivot in such direction as to carry the endof the part G2 thereof into engagement with the groove D.

The operation of this form of the device is practically the same as thatof the tool shown in Figs. l and 2, the end of the projection C2 beingjammed into the groove D when the handlever is drawn toward theoperator,with the effect of turning the spindle A with the lever, whilethe backward movement of the said lever releases the said part C2 fromthe groove and allows the lever to swing backwardly without moving thesaid spindle. The groove D shown in Figs.' 3 and 4 is located at a pointmidway of the bearing-surface of the head B, the lever C being mountedon a pivot-pin, c, inserted through to projecting arms or lugs b uponthe said head B.

The main feature of my invention is embraced in a construction in whichfrictional engagement between a pivoted arm, block, or pawl carried bythehand-lever of the tool and the tool-spindle is produced by means ofengaging surfaces made tapering or wedgeshaped, with the result aboveset forth. As far as this result is concerned, however, the parts maybearranged otherwise than as above described. As, for instance, I haveshownin Fig. 5 a construction of the parts in which is substituted forthe groove D and pawl E, arranged to enter the groove, the equivalentconstruction in which the groove is formed in 'the pawl or movable partand the projection engaging the groove is located upon the spindle. Insaid Fig. 5 the spindle A is provided with a projecting rib or flange,A, having outwardly-tapering side faces; and a pawl, E', isemployed'having a notch, e', in its end, adapted to fit over the saidribor flange A. It will be observed, furthermore, that the advantagesgained by the particular construction of the gripping-surfaces of thepawl and spindle above described are present in the construction shownin Figs. 3 and 4,in which the arm or pawl is made integral withl thelever, as well as when the pawl is pivoted separately to the lever orthe bearing-head to which it is attached. rIhe appended broad claim isintended therefore to cover the main features of construction abovereferred to when the pawl is mounted or supported in or upon thebearing-head or lever in accordance with either of the particular plansshown or othcr wise. It is to be understood, furthermore, that myinvention embraces a handdrill or tool-carrier having one or more thanone pawl or swinging block for engagement with the spindle, and that thegroove or notch of the spindle or pawl may be of other cross-sectionalshape than the particular one shown, provided the side walls thereof areshaped to converge or taper inwardly, in the manner above stated.

As afurther and special improvement upon tools of the character hereinshown, I make the annular engaging-surface upon thev spindle somewhateccentric to the axial line ofthe spindle, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Byvthis construction the tongues bite at'diiferent points during eachrevolution, whereby said tongues are rendered more lasting and durable.

The embodiment of the main features of my invention irst abovedescribedand shown in Figs. l and 2 is, for some reasons, preferable to thatshown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5, and the particular features 0f constructionillustrated in said Figs. 1 and 2 are therefore made the subject of aspecific claim herein.

I claim as my invention-- l. Ahand-drill or tool-carrier comprising atool-holding spindle, a hand-lever lmounted to turn about the saidspindle, and a pivoted arm or pawl connected and moving with the hand'-lever, said spindle and the arm or pawl being provided withengaging-surfaces made tapering or wedge-shaped, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

2. A hand-drill or tool-carrier comprising a toolholding spindle, a heador collar mounted upon the spindle, a hand-lever rigidly attached to thehead or collar, and an arm or pawl pivoted upon said head or collar,said spindle being provided with a groove having inwardly IIO ktaperingor converging side wallsfor engageshaped portions of the said pivotedarm or ment with the free end of the said arm or pawl, pawl,substantially as described. substantially as described. v f n testimonythat I claim the foregoing as 3. A hand-drilly or too1-carriercomprising a my invention I affix my signature in presence- 5tool-holding spindle, a hand-lever mounted to of two Witnesses. j

turn about said spindle, and a pivotedarmor Y Y JAMES LIGHTFOOTSHORROCK', pawl connected with the hand-lever7 sald splndle beingconstructed with eccentric annular Witnesses: grooves tapered orWedge-shaped for engage- JOHN LIGHTFOOT SH01-moon, 1o ment withcorrespondingly tapered or Wedge` JOSEPH HOWARTH.

